Ppt on Tomato Disease Overview And Management

This presentation covers the major diseases affecting tomatoes, including early blight, late blight, and various bacterial and viral diseases. Understanding these diseases is crucial for effective management and maintaining healthy crops.

Introduction to Tomato Diseases

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Overview of diseases affecting tomatoes.
Importance of disease management in agriculture.
Focus on early blight, late blight, and bacterial diseases.

Causal Organisms of Tomato Diseases

Early Blight: Alternaria solani
Late Blight: Phytophthora infestans
Bacterial Wilt: Ralstonia solanacearum
Leaf Curl Virus: Tomato leaf curl virus

Early Blight Symptoms

Dark spots on older leaves, stems, and fruits.
Yield losses can reach 79% in severe cases.
Weakens plants, reducing fruit set.

Favorable Conditions for Early Blight

Temperatures between 15 to 27°C.
High humidity (>90%) and rainy weather.
Weak plants from June-July sowing are more susceptible.

Management of Early Blight

Use pathogen-free seeds and remove infected debris.
Water in the morning to minimize leaf wetness.
Implement crop rotation with non-Solanaceous crops.

Late Blight Overview

Caused by Phytophthora infestans.
Can infect leaves, stems, and fruits rapidly.
Historically linked to the Irish potato famine.

Symptoms of Late Blight

Dark brown blotches on leaves with green-gray edges.
Fruits develop dark, mushy spots.
High humidity leads to white fungal growth.

Favorable Conditions for Late Blight

High humidity (>90%) and low temperatures (10-25°C).
Cloudy weather with rainfall enhances spread.
Soil-borne spread through oospores.

Management of Late Blight

Destroy infected potato piles before planting.
Crop rotation with cereals to prevent recurrence.
Use prophylactic sprays of copper fungicides.

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