This lecture covers fundamental concepts in agriculture , focusing on crop production, soil management, and pest control. It emphasizes the importance of horticulture practices, forestry conservation, and veterinary science in sustainable farming systems. Key topics include integrated pest management, soil fertility, and crop improvement techniques.
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Introduction to Agriculture and Horticulture
Definition and scope of agriculture and horticulture.
Importance of sustainable crop production.
Role of soil management in crop yield.
Overview of pest and disease management.
Soil Management in Agriculture
Soil properties affecting plant growth: texture, structure, pH.
Soil fertility and nutrient management.
Techniques for soil conservation and erosion control.
Use of organic and inorganic fertilizers.
Crop Production Techniques
Selection of crop varieties for different agro-climatic zones.
Crop rotation and intercropping benefits.
Water management: irrigation methods and scheduling.
Harvesting and post-harvest handling practices.
Pest and Disease Management
Common pests and diseases in major crops.
Principles of integrated pest management (IPM).
Cultural, biological, and chemical control methods.
Use of resistant varieties and quarantine measures.
Forestry and Veterinary Science in Agriculture
Role of forestry in environmental sustainability and agroforestry systems.
Basic concepts of animal husbandry and livestock management.
Common animal diseases and their control.
Importance of veterinary care in farm productivity.
