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PPT Slide 1
- CULTIVATION of brinjal
- By :-ARVIND YADAV.
- ID. No. – 721.
- Degree program :-Bsc.(hons).horticulture
- Batch :-2018.
- Banda University Of Agriculture And
- Technology , BANDA
PPT Slide 2
- BRINJAL
- Botanical name : Solanum melongena
- Family : Solanaceae
- Chromosome No. : 2n = 24
- Origin : India
- •Common name : Eggplant, Aubergine.
PPT Slide 3
- Economic importanceanduses :-
- • It is an annual crop cultivated all over India.
- • The fruits are available practically throughout
- the year.
- • Brinjal fruits are a good source of calcium,
- phosphorus, iron and vitamins particularly ‘B’
- group.
- • Analysis of 100 g of edible fruit contains 91.5g
- of water, 6.4 g of Carbohydrates, 1.3g of
- Protein, 0.3g of fat and 0.5g of mineral matters.
- • Its green leaves are the main source of vitamin
- C (38-104.7mg/100g).
PPT Slide 4
- • Dark purple brinjal has more vitamin C than
- those with white skin.
- • Bitterness in brinjal is due to presence of
- glycoalkaloids. Generally, high amount of
- glycoalkaloids (20mg/100g) produces a bitter
- taste and off flavour.
- • Brinjal is reported to stimulate the intrapeptic
- metabolism of blood cholesterol.
- • Dry fruit is reported to contain goitrogenic
- principles.
PPT Slide 5
- Area and production :-
- • In India it is well distributed in Orissa, Bihar,
- Karnataka, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, and
- Maharashtra and UP. Brinjal covers 8.14% of total
- vegetable area and produces 9 per cent of the total
- production.
- Popular varieties and hybrids
- A . Long varieties:-
- Pusa PurpleLong :-
- • It is a selection from a local variety ‘Batia’.
- Pusa PurpleCluster:-
- • This cultivar is resistant to bacterial wilt and little
- leaf disease.
PPT Slide 6
- Pusa Kranti:-
- • This cultivar is dwarf and spreading habit. Fruits are
- oblong with attractive purple colour. This cultivar is
- good for both spring and autumn planting under
- north Indian conditions. The average yield varies
- from 25-30 t/ha.
- Arka Sheel:-
- • The fruits are medium long, with deep shining
- purple colour.
PPT Slide 7
- Arka Kusumakar:-
- • The finger shaped fruits are borne in clusters.
- Arka Anand :-
- • It is a high yielding F1 hybrid with resistance to
- Bacterial wilt. Suitable for Kharif and Rabi.
- Other longvarieties :-
- • Arka Keshav, Arka Navneeth,Azad Kranti.
- B.Round varieties
- Pant Rituraj:-
- • Resistant to bacterial wilt.
- Pusa Purple Round:-
- • It is highly resistant to little leaf virus diseases.
PPT Slide 8
- Other roundvarieties :-
- • Manjri, Krishnanagar Purple Round.
- C .Hybridvarieties :-
- • Pusa Bhairav (Resistant to phomopsis blight and
- fruit rot) Pusa Kranti, Pusa Kranti, Pusa Anmol.
- Arka Anand
PPT Slide 9
- Climate :-
- • Brinjal is susceptible to severe frost.
- • A long and warm growing season with temperature
- range of 21-27°C is most favourable for its
- successful production.
- • Climatic conditions especially low temperature
- during the cool season cause abnormal
- development of the ovary (Splitting) in flower buds
- which then differentiate and develop into deformed
- fruits during that season.
- • Late cultivars, however, withstand mild frost and
- continue to bear some fruits.
PPT Slide 10
- Soil :-
- • The brinjal can be grown practically on all soils from
- light sandy to heavy clay loam soils are good for an
- early crop, while clay loam and silt loam are well
- suited for higher yield.
- • Generally silt loam and clay loam soils are preferred
- for brinjal cultivation.
- • The soil should be deep, fertile and well drained.
- The soil pH should not be more than 5.5 to 6.0 for
- its better growth and development.
PPT Slide 11
- Sowing time
- Winter crop Summer crop Hilly regions
- crops
- June-July December-
- January
- March- April
PPT Slide 12
- Nursery :-
- • Raised beds should be prepared (7.5×1.2×10-15cm)
- and seeds are sown in rows of 7.5 to 10cm apart.
- • The seeds should be covered properly by a mixture
- of FYM and soil.
- • To avoid fungal diseases, the seeds should be
- treated with captan or thiram at the rate of 2g/kg of
- seed.
- • About 250-375 g seed is sufficient to cover one
- hectare of land with 30,000-45,000 seedlings.
- • The seedlings are ready for transplanting in about
- 4-5 weeks.
PPT Slide 13
- Preparation of land :-
- • Soil is prepared to fine tilth by giving 4-5
- ploughings. Well rotten organic manure (25t/ha) is
- incorporated into the soil well before the final
- preparation.
- Spacing :-
- • 60×45, 75×60cm and 75×75 cm.
- Nutrition:-
- • It is a heavy feeder of nutrients and requires more
- nutrients for better yield and quality.
- • F.Y.M requirements :-25 tonne par ha
PPT Slide 14
- • Nitrogen :- 100 kg par ha.
- • Phosphorus :- 60 kg par ha.
- • Potassium :- 60 kg par ha.
- • Basal dose :- Half dose of nitrogen and full dose of
- phosphorus and potassium.
- • Top dressing :- remaining dose of nitrogen is
- applied after 30 days .
- Irrigation :-
- • It requires several irrigation for successful
- cultivation. Timely irrigation is essential for fruit set
- and its development. Usually the crop is irrigated
- weekly once for higher yield.
PPT Slide 15
- Weedcontrol :-
- • It is essential to keep weeds under control from the
- initial growth itself.
- • Three to four hoeings are normally followed for
- effective control of weeds.
- • Orabanche is one of the serious weed affecting
- solanaceous crops in some areas. It is a root
- parasite and should be controlled effectively.
- • A pre-planting treatment of 1.0 kg ai/ha of
- fluchloralin followed by one hand weeding at 30
- days after transplanting is effective.
PPT Slide 16
- Use of growthregulators and chemicals:-
- • Application of 2, 4-D (2ppm) at flowering induces
- parthenocarpy, increases fruit set, advances fruit
- maturation and significantly increases total yield.
- • NAA (60ppm) alone or in combination witBA(30ppm)
- applied on open flowers improved fruit set
- Harvesting and yield :-
- • Brinjal fruits are harvested when they have developed a
- good colour and marketable size, are still immature,
- tender and have not lost culinary qualities
- • Early crop normally yields 20-30 t/ha. While long
- duration crop yields 35-40 t/ha. Many F1 hybrids yield
- about 40-80t/ha.
PPT Slide 17
- PHYSIOLOGICAL DISORDER/CONSTRAINTS
- 1. Calyx withering :-
- • This disorder occurs between mid-February and mid – April.
- The affected fruits become reddish brown in colour and
- lacking in normal luster and thus marketability of fruits is
- hampered. The affected fruits have much higher calcium and
- nitrate content than healthy ones.
- 2. Poor fruit set :-
- • In brinjal, four types of flower, according to length of style :-
- long styled, medium styled, pseudo short styled and short
- styled. Pseudo short and short styled flowers do not normally
- set fruit but their numbers in a plant are normally higher than
- long and medium styled of lower which produce fruits.
- Control:-
- 1. Spraying the plant with 2 ppm 2, 4,-D at flowering stage when
- few flower clusters appear.
- 2. Spraying with 60 ppm NAA or 500 ppm PCPA
- (Parachloroacetic acid) at full bloom stage.
PPT Slide 18
- Seed production :-
- • An isolation distance of 100 to 200m for certified
- and foundation seed plots respectively should be
- maintained between two cultivars.
PPT Slide 19
- Thanks
- for
- ATTAINTION
1 / 19
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