Summary
Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is a nutrient-rich fruit crop ideal for home gardens, native to Tropical America. India is the largest producer, with significant cultivation in states like Uttar Pradesh and Karnataka. The plant exhibits dioecious and gynodioecious traits, influencing its breeding and pollination. Key breeding objectives include developing high-yield, disease-resistant varieties and enhancing fruit quality. Advances in biotechnology, such