This presentation covers integrated pest management (IPM) strategies for tomatoes, focusing on diseases, symptoms, and effective control measures. Understanding these elements is crucial for successful crop production.
This presentation covers various tomato diseases, including bacterial canker, bacterial spot, wilt, and blight. Each disease is described with its symptoms, conditions for development, and management practices.
This presentation covers the major diseases affecting tomatoes, including early blight, late blight, and various bacterial and viral diseases. Understanding these diseases is crucial for effective management and maintaining healthy crops.
Introduction to Tomato Diseases
Overview of diseases affecting tomatoes.
Importance of disease management in agriculture.
Focus on early blight, late blight, and bacterial diseases.
Causal Organisms of Tomato Diseases
Early Blight: Alternaria solani
Late Blight: Phytophthora infestans
Bacterial Wilt: Ralstonia solanacearum
Leaf Curl Virus: Tomato leaf curl virus
Early Blight Symptoms
Dark spots on older leaves, stems, and fruits.
Yield losses can reach 79% in severe cases.
Weakens plants, reducing fruit set.
Favorable Conditions for Early Blight
Temperatures between 15 to 27°C.
High humidity (>90%) and rainy weather.
Weak plants from June-July sowing are more susceptible.
Management of Early Blight
Use pathogen-free seeds and remove infected debris.
Water in the morning to minimize leaf wetness.
Implement crop rotation with non-Solanaceous crops.
Late Blight Overview
Caused by Phytophthora infestans.
Can infect leaves, stems, and fruits rapidly.
Historically linked to the Irish potato famine.
Symptoms of Late Blight
Dark brown blotches on leaves with green-gray edges.
Fruits develop dark, mushy spots.
High humidity leads to white fungal growth.
Favorable Conditions for Late Blight
High humidity (>90%) and low temperatures (10-25°C).
Prepare for the ICAR AIEEA JRF in Social Science with our comprehensive 2025 question paper PDF. This essential resource is designed to help you understand the exam format and the types of questions you may encounter. By reviewing the ICAR AIEEA JRF Social Science question paper from 2025, you can enhance your study strategy and boost your confidence. The PDF includes a variety of questions that reflect the current syllabus, ensuring you are well-prepared for the challenges ahead. Don’t miss out on this opportunity to excel in your examination. Download the 2025 Social Science question paper now and take the first step towards achieving your academic goals.
Prepare for the ICAR AIEEA JRF in Soil Science with our comprehensive 2025 question paper PDF. This essential resource is designed to help you understand the exam format and the types of questions you can expect. By reviewing the 2025 question paper, you can enhance your knowledge and boost your confidence for the upcoming examination. The ICAR AIEEA JRF is a crucial step for aspiring agricultural scientists, and being well-prepared is key to success. Download the Soil Science question paper now and take the first step towards achieving your academic goals. Access the PDF through the following link: ICAR AIEEA JRF Soil Science 2025 Question Paper.
Prepare for your ICAR AIEEA JRF examination in Entomology with the 2023 question paper PDF. This essential resource provides you with a comprehensive overview of the types of questions you can expect, helping you to enhance your study strategy. The 2023 ICAR AIEEA JRF question paper is designed to challenge your knowledge and understanding of key concepts in Entomology. By reviewing past questions, you can identify important topics and improve your performance on the exam day. Don’t miss out on this opportunity to access the ICAR AIEEA JRF 2023 question paper PDF, which is available for download at the provided link. Equip yourself with the right tools to succeed in your Entomology studies and ace the exam!
Prepare for success in the ICAR AIEEA JRF 2024 with our comprehensive Entomology And Nematology question paper PDF. This essential resource is designed to help you master the key concepts and topics that will be covered in the upcoming exam. By utilizing the ICAR AIEEA JRF question paper, you can familiarize yourself with the exam format and types of questions that may appear. The year 2024 brings new challenges, and being well-prepared is crucial for achieving your academic goals. Download the Entomology And Nematology question paper PDF today and take the first step towards acing the exam. Don’t miss out on this opportunity to enhance your preparation and boost your confidence for the ICAR AIEEA JRF!
Number of Vacancies: Number of Vacancy: 03 Posts Organization: Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU) Senior Research Fellow (SRF) Post Name: Senior Research Fellow (SRF), Technical Assistant Job Location: -, Thanjavur, – Tamil Nadu Qualification: Technical Assistant: Candidates should have Diploma in the required field (Agriculture, Horticulture, Agricultural Engineering).
Pay Scale: INR
20000-37000 Last Date: 20th November 2025 How to Apply: To apply, visit the official site. Official Notification:Download Notification
Prepare for your ICAR AIEEA JRF Horticulture exam in 2025 with our comprehensive question paper PDF. This resource is designed to help you understand the exam format and the types of questions you can expect. By reviewing the Horticulture question paper from 2025, you can enhance your study strategy and boost your confidence. The ICAR AIEEA JRF is a crucial step for aspiring horticulturists, and having access to past papers is invaluable for your preparation. Download the 2025 question paper now and take the first step towards achieving your academic goals in Horticulture.
This presentation covers the cultivation of celery, a hardy biennial plant known for its fleshy leafstalks and essential oils. It thrives in specific climatic conditions, primarily in Punjab, India.
Introduction to Celery Cultivation
Presented by Annamalai University.
Focus on cultivation techniques and practices.
Importance of celery in agriculture.
Botanical Overview of Celery
Botanical Name: Apium graveolens.
Family: Umbelliferae/Apiaceae.
Widely cultivated for its leafstalks and seeds.
Plant Characteristics
Biennial in colder climates; annual in plains.
Contains 2-3% essential oil and 17-18% fatty oil.
Essential oil contributes to flavor.
Nutritional Value of Celery
Nutrient
Value per 100g
Energy
16 kcal
Carbohydrates
3 g
Protein
0.7 g
Water
95 g
Medicinal Uses
Seeds act as a stimulant and carminative.
Used for rheumatism treatment.
Seed oil utilized in food and perfumery.
Geographical Distribution
Mainly cultivated in Punjab, Haryana, and UP.
90% of production from Punjab.
Popular varieties: Giant Pascal, Golden Self blanching.
Cultivation Conditions
Requires warm days, cool nights, and low humidity.
Ideal soil: silt loam to loamy with moderate organic matter.
Sowing period: July to September.
Transplanting and Fertilization
Seedlings transplanted after 2 months.
Fertilization: 20-30 t/ha of FYM and 100-150 kg of N/ha.
Irrigation at fortnightly intervals.
Blanching Techniques
Blanching reduces chlorophyll in stalks.
Methods: wrapping or earthing up soil.
Discouraged due to reduced nutritive value.
Harvesting and Yield
Harvest occurs 4-5 months after sowing.
Average yield: 25,000 kg/ha.
Plants cut just below the surface for market preparation.