Summary
Onions, scientifically known as Allium cepa, belong to the Alliaceae family and originated in Asia. They are a biennial herb characterized by tubular leaves and bulbs formed from swollen leaf bases attached to the underground stem. Major onion-producing countries include China, India, and Pakistan, with India ranking third in exports, primarily from Maharashtra and Karnataka. Onions thrive in a variety of climates but require specific conditions for optimal growth, including well-drained soil and adequate pollination, primarily by insects. Cultivation highlights include the development of various onion types based on color, such as yellow, red, and white, each serving different culinary purposes. Onions are rich in nutrients, providing energy, carbohydrates, and vitamins. They are significant in agriculture for their high yield